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chemical engineering, process engineering, process flow diagram symbols, process and instrumentation diagram, process diagrams Chemical and Process Engineering

chemical engineering, process engineering, process flow diagram symbols, process and instrumentation diagram, process diagrams
This chemical engineering solution extends ConceptDraw DIAGRAM.9.5 (or later) with process flow diagram symbols, samples, process diagrams templates and libraries of design elements for creating process and instrumentation diagrams, block flow diagrams (BFD

Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering *
ConceptDraw DIAGRAM is a powerful diagramming and vector drawing software. Extended with Chemical and Process Engineering Solution from the Industrial Engineering Area of ConceptDraw Solution Park, it became the best Chemical Engineering software.

Organic Chemistry Symbols

Organic Chemistry Symbols *
ConceptDraw DIAGRAM diagramming and vector drawing software extended with Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park is effective for drawing various organic chemistry schemes, diagrams, illustrations thanks to the included collection of predesigned organic chemistry symbols.
HelpDesk

How to Draw Chemistry Structures

How to Draw Chemistry Structures *
Making chemistry drawings for science and education purposes involves many different elements that can be managed using ConceptDraw DIAGRAM. ConceptDraw Chemistry solution can be used as a tool for creating chemical schemes and diagrams of chemical lab set-ups and labware, formulas, reaction schemes, and molecular structures. With ConceptDraw DIAGRAM you can easily create and communicate chemistry drawings of any complexity.

chemical drawings, chemistry equation symbols, chemical drawing software Chemistry

chemical drawings, chemistry equation symbols, chemical drawing software
This solution extends ConceptDraw DIAGRAM software with samples, template and libraries of vector stencils for drawing the Chemistry Illustrations for science and education.

Process Flow Diagram Symbols

Process Flow Diagram Symbols
Chemical and Process Engineering solution contains variety predesigned process flow diagram elements relating to instrumentation, containers, piping and distribution necessary for chemical engineering, and can be used to map out chemical processes or easy creating various Chemical and Process Flow Diagrams in ConceptDraw DIAGRAM.
HelpDesk

How to Draw a Chemical Process Flow Diagram

How to Draw a Chemical Process Flow Diagram
Process Flow Diagram widely used in modeling of processes in the chemical industry. A Chemical Process Flow diagram (PFD) is a specialized type of flowchart. With the help of Chemical Process Flow Diagram, engineers can easily specify the general scheme of the processes and chemical plant equipment. Chemical Process Flow Diagram displays the real scheme of the chemical process, the relationship between the equipment and the technical characteristics of the process. Chemical Process Flow Diagram illustrates the connections between the basic equipment as well as the overall structure of pipelines and other supporting equipment. The purpose of the PFD is to build the image of the basic idea of ​the chemical process. ConceptDraw DIAGRAM together with its Chemical and Process Engineering solution delivers the possibility to design Chemical Process Flow diagrams. It is designed for chemical industry engineers and designers.

Chemistry Symbols and Meanings

Chemistry Symbols and Meanings *
Chemistry solution offers 5 libraries with large collection of vector chemistry symbols and meanings, chemistry equation symbols, organic chemistry symbols, and chemical clipart: Chemical Elements Library, Chemical Drawings Library, Conformations Library, Laboratory Equipment Library, Periodic Table of Chemical Elements Library.

Chemistry Drawings

Chemistry Drawings *
ConceptDraw DIAGRAM diagramming and vector drawing software extended with Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area is a powerful chemistry drawing software that is ideal for quick and easy designing of various: chemistry drawings, scientific and educational chemistry illustrations, schemes and diagrams of chemical and biological lab set-ups, images with chemical formulas, molecular structures, chemical reaction schemes, schemes of labware,
that can be then successfully used in the field of science and education, on various conferences, and so on.
The vector stencils library "Chemical engineering" contains 24 symbols of chemical and process engineering equipment.
Use these shapes for drawing block flow diagrams (BFD), process flow diagrams (PFD), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID), and water flow diagrams.
"Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies the natural (or experimental) sciences (e.g., chemistry and physics) and life sciences (e.g. biology, microbiology and biochemistry) together with mathematics and economics to production, transformation, transportation and proper usage of chemicals, materials and energy. It essentially deals with the engineering of chemicals, energy and the processes that create and/ or convert them. Modern chemical engineers are concerned with processes that convert raw-materials or (cheap)chemicals into more useful or valuable forms. In addition, they are also concerned with pioneering valuable materials and related techniques – which are often essential to related fields such as nanotechnology, fuel cells and bioengineering. Within chemical engineering, two broad subgroups include design, manufacture, and operation of plants and machinery in industrial chemical and related processes ("chemical process engineers") and development of new or adapted substances for products ranging from foods and beverages to cosmetics to cleaners to pharmaceutical ingredients, among many other products ("chemical product engineers")." [Chemical engineering. Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Chemical engineering" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Chemical engineering symbols
Chemical engineering symbols, vessel, venturi, flow nozzle, vapor, vertical, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment, vapor, horizontal, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment, valve, in-line, tower, bubble tower, sparge, process vessel, tank truck, tank car, screen, separating equipment, roll press, roll-type press, size-enlargement equipment, pump mixer, agitated-line, mixing equipment, propeller, mixing blade, motor valve, valve, kettle, reboiler, heat exchanging equipment, instrument, instrumentation, flash drum, knockout drum, process vessel, fan, centrifugal fan, evaporator, circulating evaporator, electrostatic precipitator, bag filter, separating equipment, cooling tower, auxiliary facility, clarifier, thickener, separating equipment, centrifugal pump, blower, rotary blower, agitator, radial turbine agitated tank, mixing equipment,
Used Solutions

Chemistry Drawing Software

Chemistry Drawing Software *
ConceptDraw DIAGRAM extended with Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area is a powerful chemistry drawing software that provides the useful tools to help you design all kinds of chemistry drawings and illustrations, chemical schemes and diagrams of formulas, reaction schemes and lab set-ups of any complexity.

Chemistry Equation Symbols

Chemistry Equation Symbols *
If you are related with chemistry in you work or education activity, you need often draw various illustrations with chemistry equations. ConceptDraw DIAGRAM diagramming and vector drawing software offers you the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area.
Chemistry solution provides the Chemical Drawings Library with large quantity of vector chemistry equation symbols to help you create professional looking chemistry diagrams quick and easy.
The vector stencils library "Chemical engineering" contains 24 symbols of chemical and process engineering equipment.
Use these shapes for drawing Process Flow Diagrams (PFD), Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID), and Water Flow Diagrams in the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ engineering-chemical-process
Clarifier
Clarifier, clarifier, thickener, separating equipment,
Screen
Screen, screen, separating equipment,
Filter
Filter, electrostatic precipitator, bag filter, separating equipment,
Agitator
Agitator, agitator, radial turbine agitated tank, mixing equipment,
Vapor 1
Vapor 1, vapor, horizontal, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment,
Vapor 2
Vapor 2, vapor, vertical, jacketed vessel, vaporizing equipment,
Vessel
Vessel, vessel,
Pump mixer
Pump mixer, pump mixer, agitated-line, mixing equipment,
Centrifugal pump
Centrifugal pump, centrifugal pump,
Fan
Fan, fan, centrifugal fan,
Blower
Blower, blower, rotary blower,
Evaporator
Evaporator, evaporator, circulating evaporator,
Tower
Tower, tower, bubble tower, sparge, process vessel,
Flash drum
Flash drum, flash drum, knockout drum, process vessel,
Roll press
Roll press, roll press, roll-type press, size-enlargement equipment,
Cooling tower
Cooling tower, cooling tower, auxiliary facility,
Tank car
Tank car, tank car,
Tank truck
Tank truck, tank truck,
Kettle
Kettle, kettle, reboiler, heat exchanging equipment,
Valve
Valve, valve, in-line,
Motor valve
Motor valve, motor valve, valve,
Venturi
Venturi, venturi, flow nozzle,
Propeller
Propeller, propeller, mixing blade,
Instrument
Instrument, instrument, instrumentation,
Used Solutions

Hazard Chemical Sign

Hazard Chemical Sign *
For each group of hazardous materials is designed its own hazard chemical sign, commonly used and approved at Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). The GHS Hazard Pictograms library offered by GHS Hazard Pictograms solution for ConceptDraw DIAGRAM diagramming software provides the predesigned vector objects for all standard GHS hazard pictograms: Explosive, Flammable, Oxidizing, Compressed Gas, Corrosive, Toxic, Harmful, Health Hazard, Environmental Hazard.
The vector stencils library "Chemical drawings" contains 81 symbols of organic compounds and functional groups for chemical drawing.
Use it to draw structural formulas of organic molecules, schemes of chemical reactions and organic chemistry diagrams.
"Structural drawings.
Organic molecules are described more commonly by drawings or structural formulas, combinations of drawings and chemical symbols. The line-angle formula is simple and unambiguous. In this system, the endpoints and intersections of each line represent one carbon, and hydrogen atoms can either be notated explicitly or assumed to be present as implied by tetravalent carbon. The depiction of organic compounds with drawings is greatly simplified by the fact that carbon in almost all organic compounds has four bonds, nitrogen three, oxygen two, and hydrogen one. ...
Organic reactions.
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. While pure hydrocarbons undergo certain limited classes of reactions, many more reactions which organic compounds undergo are largely determined by functional groups. The general theory of these reactions involves careful analysis of such properties as the electron affinity of key atoms, bond strengths and steric hindrance. These issues can determine the relative stability of short-lived reactive intermediates, which usually directly determine the path of the reaction.
The basic reaction types are: addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions and redox reactions. ...
Each reaction has a stepwise reaction mechanism that explains how it happens in sequence - although the detailed description of steps is not always clear from a list of reactants alone.
The stepwise course of any given reaction mechanism can be represented using arrow pushing techniques in which curved arrows are used to track the movement of electrons as starting materials transition through intermediates to final products." [Organic chemistry. Wikipedia]
The chemical symbols example "Design elements - Chemical drawings" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Chemical symbols
Chemical symbols, δ-, delta minus, electronegativity, δ+, delta plus, delta positive, Δ, delta, wedged bond, bond, wavy bond, reaction arrows, reversible reaction, plus, pentose ring, pentose, minus, methyl group, methyl, CH3, hydrogen, H, hollow wedged bond, bond, hashed wedged bond, bond, hashed bond, bond, dative bond, bond, dashed bond, cyclopropane, cyclopentane, cyclopentadienyl, cyclopentadiene, cyclooctane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclobutane, carbon, bond, covalent bond, triple bond, bond, covalent bond, single bond, bond, covalent bond, double bond, bond, bold bond, benzene, Kekule structure, benzene ring, benzene, OH, NO2, NH2, COOH, COH, CO, CH2, CH,
Used Solutions
The vector stencils library "Periodic table of chemical elements" contains 119 icon symbols of chemical elements for drawing Mendeleev's periodic table, chemical diagrams, infographics and illustrations.
"A chemical element is a pure chemical substance consisting of a single type of atom distinguished by its atomic number, which is the number of protons in its atomic nucleus. Elements are divided into metals, metalloids, and non-metals. Familiar examples of elements are carbon, nitrogen, oxygen (non-metals), silicon, arsenic (metalloids), aluminium, iron, copper, gold, mercury, and lead (metals).
The lightest chemical elements, including hydrogen, helium and smaller amounts of lithium, beryllium and boron, are thought to have been produced by various cosmic processes during the Big Bang and cosmic-ray spallation. Production of heavier elements, from carbon to the very heaviest elements, proceeded by stellar nucleosynthesis, and these were made available for later solar system and planetary formation by planetary nebulae and supernovae, which blast these elements into space. The high abundance of oxygen, silicon, and iron on Earth reflects their common production in such stars. While most elements are generally stable, a small amount of natural transformation of one element to another also occurs in the decay of radioactive elements as well as other natural nuclear processes." [Chemical element. Wikipedia]
The chemical symbols example "Design elements - Periodic table of chemical elements" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Mendeleev periodic table icons
Mendeleev periodic table icons, zirconium, Zr, zinc, Zn, yttrium, Y, ytterbium, Yb, xenon, Xe, vanadium, V, uranium, U, ununtrium, Uut, ununseptium, Uus, ununpentium, Uup, ununoctium, Uuo, tungsten, W, titanium, Ti, tin, Sn, thulium, Tm, thorium, Th, thallium, Tl, terbium, Tb, tellurium, Te, technetium, Tc, tantalum, Ta, sulfur, S, strontium, Sr, sodium, Na, silver, Ag, silicon, Si, selenium, Se, seaborgium, Sg, scandium, Sc, samarium, Sm, rutherfordium, Rf, ruthenium, Ru, rubidium, Rb, roentgenium, Rg, rhodium, Rh, rhenium, Re, radon, Rn, radium, Ra, protactinium, Pa, promethium, Pm, praseodymium, Pr, potassium, K, polonium, Po, plutonium, Pu, platinum, Pt, phosphorus, P, palladium, Pd, oxygen, O, osmium, Os, nobelium, No, nitrogen, N, niobium, Nb, nickel, Ni, neptunium, Np, neon, Ne, neodymium, Nd, molybdenum, Mo, mercury, Hg, mendelenium, Md, meitnerium, Mt, manganese, Mn, magnesium, Mg, lutetium, Lu, livermorium, Lv, lithium, Li, lead, Pb, lawrencium, Lr, lanthanum, La, krypton, Kr, iron, Fe, iridium, Ir, iodine, I, indium, In, hydrogen, H, holmium, Ho, helium, He, hassium, Hs, hafnium, Hf, gold, Au, germanium, Ge, gallium, Ga, gadolinium, Gd, francium, Fr, fluorine, F, flerovium, Fl, fermium, Fm, europium, Eu, erbium, Er, einsteinium, Es, dysprosium, Dy, dubnium, Db, darmstadtium, Ds, curium, Cm, copper, Cu, copernicium, Cn, cobalt, Co, chromium, Cr, chlorine, Cl, cerium, Ce, carbon, C, californium, Cf, calcium, Ca, caesium, Cs, cadmium, Cd, bromine, Br, boron, B, bohrium, Bh, bismuth, Bi, berylium, Be, berkelium, Bk, barium, Ba, astatine, At, arsenic, As, argon, Ar, antimony, Sb, americium, Am, aluminium, Al, actinium, Ac,
Used Solutions
The vector stencils library "Chemical elements" contains 118 icon symbols of chemical elements for drawing atoms, structural formulas and ball-and-stick models of inorganic and organic molecules and ions, and schemes of chemical reaction mechanisms.
"In chemistry, the ball-and-stick model is a molecular model of a chemical substance which is to display both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them. The atoms are typically represented by spheres, connected by rods which represent the bonds. Double and triple bonds are usually represented by two or three curved rods, respectively. In a good model, the angles between the rods should be the same as the angles between the bonds, and the distances between the centers of the spheres should be proportional to the distances between the corresponding atomic nuclei. The chemical element of each atom is often indicated by the sphere's color." [Ball-and-stick model. Wikipedia]
The chemical symbols example "Design elements - Chemical elements" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Chemical element icons
Chemical element icons, zirconium, Zr, zinc, Zn, yttrium, Y, ytterbium, Yb, xenon, Xe, vanadium, V, uranium, U, ununtrium, Uut, ununseptium, Uus, ununquadium, Uuq, ununpentium, Uup, ununoctium, Uuo, ununhexium, Uuh, ununbium, Uub, tungsten, W, titanium, Ti, tin, Sn, thulium, Tm, thorium, Th, thallium, Tl, terbium, Tb, tellurium, Te, technetium, Tc, tantalum, Ta, sulfur, S, strontium, Sr, sodium, Na, silver, Ag, silicon, Si, selenium, Se, seaborgium, Sg, scandium, Sc, samarium, Sm, rutherfordium, Rf, ruthenium, Ru, rubidium, Rb, roentgenium, Rg, rhodium, Rh, rhenium, Re, radon, Rn, radium, Ra, protactinium, Pa, promethium, Pm, praseodymium, Pr, potassium, K, polonium, Po, plutonium, Pu, platinum, Pt, phosphorus, P, palladium, Pd, oxygen, O, osmium, Os, nobelium, No, nitrogen, N, niobium, Nb, nickel, Ni, neptunium, Np, neon, Ne, neodymium, Nd, molybdenum, Mo, mercury, Hg, mendelenium, Md, meitnerium, Mt, manganese, Mn, magnesium, Mg, lutetium, Lu, lithium, Li, lead, Pb, lawrencium, Lr, lanthanum, La, krypton, Kr, iron, Fe, iridium, Ir, iodine, I, indium, In, hydrogen, holmium, Ho, helium, He, hassium, Hs, hafnium, Hf, gold, Au, germanium, Ge, gallium, Ga, gadolinium, Gd, francium, Fr, fluorine, F, fermium, Fm, europium, Eu, erbium, Er, einsteinium, Es, dysprosium, Dy, dubnium, Db, darmstadtium, Ds, curium, Cm, copper, Cu, cobalt, Co, chromium, Cr, chlorine, Cl, cerium, Ce, carbon, C, californium, Cf, calcium, Ca, caesium, Cs, cadmium, Cd, bromine, Br, boron, B, bohrium, Bh, bismuth, Bi, berylium, Be, berkelium, Bk, barium, Ba, astatine, At, arsenic, As, argon, Ar, antimony, Sb, americium, Am, aluminium,Al, actinium, Ac,
Used Solutions
The vector stencils library "Process annotations" contains 22 symbols of interface points, slope, off-sheet labels, callouts and textboxes.
Use these shapes for setting automatic labels to display a datasheet field for a pipeline shape, labels, captions, outlines, off-sheet labels, text balloons, annotations, outlines, tags, and descriptions.
"In engineering a process is a set of interrelated tasks that, together, transform inputs into outputs. These tasks may be carried out by people, nature, or machines using resources; so an engineering process must be considered in the context of the agents carrying out the tasks, and the resource attributes involved. Systems Engineering normative documents and those related to Maturity Models are typically based on processes. For example, System Engineering processes of the EIA-632 and processes involved in the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) institutionalization and improvement approach. Constraints imposed on the tasks and resources required to implement them are essential for executing the tasks mentioned.
A chemical process is a series of unit operations used to produce a material in large quantities.
In the chemical industry, chemical engineers will use the following to define or illustrate a process:
Process Flow Diagram (PFD),
Piping and instrumentation diagram
(P&ID),
Simplified process description,
Detailed process description,
Project management,
Process simulation." [Process (engineering). Wikipedia]
The example "Design elements - Process annotations" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Process annotation symbols
Process annotation symbols, slope, off-sheet, pipelines, interface point, flag, division of work, boundary point,
Used Solutions
The vector stencils library "Chemical elements" contains 118 icon symbols of chemical elements.
Use these shapes for drawing atoms, structural formulas of inorganic and organic molecules and ions, and schemes of chemical reaction mechanisms in the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemistry solution from the Science and Education area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ science-education-chemistry
Hydrogen (H)
Hydrogen (H), hydrogen,
Helium (He)
Helium (He), helium, He,
Lithium (Li)
Lithium (Li), lithium, Li,
Berylium (Be)
Berylium (Be), berylium, Be,
Boron (B)
Boron (B), boron, B,
Carbon (C)
Carbon (C), carbon, C,
Nitrogen (N)
Nitrogen (N), nitrogen, N,
Oxygen (O)
Oxygen (O), oxygen, O,
Fluorine (F)
Fluorine (F), fluorine, F,
Neon (Ne)
Neon (Ne), neon, Ne,
Sodium (Na)
Sodium (Na), sodium, Na,
Magnesium (Mg)
Magnesium (Mg), magnesium, Mg,
Aluminium (Al)
Aluminium (Al), aluminium,Al,
Silicon (Si)
Silicon (Si), silicon, Si,
Phosphorus (P)
Phosphorus (P), phosphorus, P,
Sulfur (S)
Sulfur (S), sulfur, S,
Chlorine (Cl)
Chlorine (Cl), chlorine, Cl,
Argon (Ar)
Argon (Ar), argon, Ar,
Potassium (K)
Potassium (K), potassium, K,
Calcium (Ca)
Calcium (Ca), calcium, Ca,
Scandium (Sc)
Scandium (Sc), scandium, Sc,
Titanium (Ti)
Titanium (Ti), titanium, Ti,
Vanadium (V)
Vanadium (V), vanadium, V,
Chromium (Cr)
Chromium (Cr), chromium, Cr,
Manganese (Mn)
Manganese (Mn), manganese, Mn,
Iron (Fe)
Iron (Fe), iron, Fe,
Cobalt (Co)
Cobalt (Co), cobalt, Co,
Nickel (Ni)
Nickel (Ni), nickel, Ni,
Copper (Cu)
Copper (Cu), copper, Cu,
Zinc (Zn)
Zinc (Zn), zinc, Zn,
Gallium (Ga)
Gallium (Ga), gallium, Ga,
Germanium (Ge)
Germanium (Ge), germanium, Ge,
Arsenic (As)
Arsenic (As), arsenic, As,
Selenium (Se)
Selenium (Se), selenium, Se,
Bromine (Br)
Bromine (Br), bromine, Br,
Krypton (Kr)
Krypton (Kr), krypton, Kr,
Rubidium (Rb)
Rubidium (Rb), rubidium, Rb,
Strontium (Sr)
Strontium (Sr), strontium, Sr,
Yttrium (Y)
Yttrium (Y), yttrium, Y,
Zirconium (Zr)
Zirconium (Zr), zirconium, Zr,
Niobium (Nb)
Niobium (Nb), niobium, Nb,
Molybdenum (Mo)
Molybdenum (Mo), molybdenum, Mo,
Technetium (Tc)
Technetium (Tc), technetium, Tc,
Ruthenium (Ru)
Ruthenium (Ru), ruthenium, Ru,
Rhodium (Rh)
Rhodium (Rh), rhodium, Rh,
Palladium (Pd)
Palladium (Pd), palladium, Pd,
Silver (Ag)
Silver (Ag), silver, Ag,
Cadmium (Cd)
Cadmium (Cd), cadmium, Cd,
Indium (In)
Indium (In), indium, In,
Tin (Sn)
Tin (Sn), tin, Sn,
Antimony (Sb)
Antimony (Sb), antimony, Sb,
Tellurium (Te)
Tellurium (Te), tellurium, Te,
Iodine (I)
Iodine (I), iodine, I,
Xenon (Xe)
Xenon (Xe), xenon, Xe,
Caesium (Cs)
Caesium (Cs), caesium, Cs,
Barium (Ba)
Barium (Ba), barium, Ba,
Hafnium (Hf)
Hafnium (Hf), hafnium, Hf,
Tantalum (Ta)
Tantalum (Ta), tantalum, Ta,
Tungsten (W)
Tungsten (W), tungsten, W,
Rhenium (Re)
Rhenium (Re), rhenium, Re,
Osmium (Os)
Osmium (Os), osmium, Os,
Iridium (Ir)
Iridium (Ir), iridium, Ir,
Platinum (Pt)
Platinum (Pt), platinum, Pt,
Gold (Au)
Gold (Au), gold, Au,
Mercury (Hg)
Mercury (Hg), mercury, Hg,
Thallium (Tl)
Thallium (Tl), thallium, Tl,
Lead (Pb)
Lead (Pb), lead, Pb,
Bismuth (Bi)
Bismuth (Bi), bismuth, Bi,
Polonium (Po)
Polonium (Po), polonium, Po,
Astatine (At)
Astatine (At), astatine, At,
Radon (Rn)
Radon (Rn), radon, Rn,
Francium (Fr)
Francium (Fr), francium, Fr,
Radium (Ra)
Radium (Ra), radium, Ra,
Rutherfordium (Rf)
Rutherfordium (Rf), rutherfordium, Rf,
Dubnium (Db)
Dubnium (Db), dubnium, Db,
Seaborgium (Sg)
Seaborgium (Sg), seaborgium, Sg,
Bohrium (Bh)
Bohrium (Bh), bohrium, Bh,
Hassium (Hs)
Hassium (Hs), hassium, Hs,
Meitnerium (Mt)
Meitnerium (Mt), meitnerium, Mt,
Darmstadtium (Ds)
Darmstadtium (Ds), darmstadtium, Ds,
Roentgenium (Rg)
Roentgenium (Rg), roentgenium, Rg,
Ununbium (Uub)
Ununbium (Uub), ununbium, Uub,
Ununtrium (Uut)
Ununtrium (Uut), ununtrium, Uut,
Ununquadium (Uuq)
Ununquadium (Uuq), ununquadium, Uuq,
Ununpentium (Uup)
Ununpentium (Uup), ununpentium, Uup,
Ununhexium (Uuh)
Ununhexium (Uuh), ununhexium, Uuh,
Ununseptium (Uus)
Ununseptium (Uus), ununseptium, Uus,
Ununoctium (Uuo)
Ununoctium (Uuo), ununoctium, Uuo,
Lanthanum (La)
Lanthanum (La), lanthanum, La,
Cerium (Ce)
Cerium (Ce), cerium, Ce,
Praseodymium (Pr)
Praseodymium (Pr), praseodymium, Pr,
Neodymium (Nd)
Neodymium (Nd), neodymium, Nd,
Promethium (Pm)
Promethium (Pm), promethium, Pm,
Samarium (Sm)
Samarium (Sm), samarium, Sm,
Europium (Eu)
Europium (Eu), europium, Eu,
Gadolinium (Gd)
Gadolinium (Gd), gadolinium, Gd,
Terbium (Tb)
Terbium (Tb), terbium, Tb,
Dysprosium (Dy)
Dysprosium (Dy), dysprosium, Dy,
Holmium (Ho)
Holmium (Ho), holmium, Ho,
Erbium (Er)
Erbium (Er), erbium, Er,
Thulium (Tm)
Thulium (Tm), thulium, Tm,
Ytterbium (Yb)
Ytterbium (Yb), ytterbium, Yb,
Lutetium (Lu)
Lutetium (Lu), lutetium, Lu,
Actinium (Ac)
Actinium (Ac), actinium, Ac,
Thorium (Th)
Thorium (Th), thorium, Th,
Protactinium (Pa)
Protactinium (Pa), protactinium, Pa,
Uranium (U)
Uranium (U), uranium, U,
Neptunium (Np)
Neptunium (Np), neptunium, Np,
Plutonium (Pu)
Plutonium (Pu), plutonium, Pu,
Americium (Am)
Americium (Am), americium, Am,
Curium (Cm)
Curium (Cm), curium, Cm,
Berkelium (Bk)
Berkelium (Bk), berkelium, Bk,
Californium (Cf)
Californium (Cf), californium, Cf,
Einsteinium (Es)
Einsteinium (Es), einsteinium, Es,
Fermium (Fm)
Fermium (Fm), fermium, Fm,
Mendelenium (Md)
Mendelenium (Md), mendelenium, Md,
Nobelium (No)
Nobelium (No), nobelium, No,
Lawrencium (Lr)
Lawrencium (Lr), lawrencium, Lr,
Used Solutions
This PFD of jet fuel mercaptan oxidation treating was redrawn from Wikipedia file: ConvLPGMerox.png. [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ File:ConvKeroMerox.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported icense. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Merox is an acronym for mercaptan oxidation. It is a proprietary catalytic chemical process developed by UOP used in oil refineries and natural gas processing plants to remove mercaptans from LPG, propane, butanes, light naphthas, kerosene and jet fuel by converting them to liquid hydrocarbon disulfides.
The Merox process requires an alkaline environment which, in some of the process versions, is provided by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong base, commonly referred to as caustic. In other versions of the process, the alkalinity is provided by ammonia, which is a weak base.
The catalyst in some versions of the process is a water-soluble liquid. In other versions, the catalyst is impregnated onto charcoal granules.
Processes within oil refineries or natural gas processing plants that remove mercaptans and/ or hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are commonly referred to as sweetening processes because they results in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide. The liquid hydrocarbon disulfides may remain in the sweetened products, they may be used as part of the refinery or natural gas processing plant fuel, or they may be processed further.
The Merox process is usually more economical than using a catalytic hydrodesulfurization process for much the same purpose." [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Merox]
The process flow diagram (PFD) example "Jet fuel mercaptan oxidation treating" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
Process flow diagram (PFD)
Process flow diagram (PFD), gate valve, electrically insulated, column, centrifugal pump,
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