Cause and effect diagram - Increase in productivity

This cause and effect diagram sample was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: Ursache Wirkung Diagramm Beispiel.png. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Ursache_ Wirkung_ Diagramm_ Beispiel.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Productivity is the ratio of output to inputs in production; it is an average measure of the efficiency of production. Efficiency of production means production’s capability to create incomes which is measured by the formula real output value minus real input value.
Productivity is a crucial factor in production performance of firms and nations. Increasing national productivity can raise living standards because more real income improves people's ability to purchase goods and services, enjoy leisure, improve housing and education and contribute to social and environmental programs. Productivity growth also helps businesses to be more profitable." [Productivity. Wikipedia]
The fishbone diagram example "Increase in productivity" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Fishbone Diagrams solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

"Ecosystems represent sources of natural capital and provide goods and services to society, also called ecosystem services. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment identified over 24 ecosystem services that can be divided up into 4 general groups including: 1) provisioning, 2) supporting, 3) regulating and 4) cultural." [User:Sawtoothgirl/ Sustainable Real Estate Development. Wikipedia]
"Humankind benefits in a multitude of ways from ecosystems. Collectively, these benefits are known as ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are regularly involved in the provisioning of clean drinking water and the decomposition of wastes. While scientists and environmentalists have discussed ecosystem services implicitly for decades, these the ecosystem services concept itself was popularized by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) in the early 2000s. This grouped ecosystem services into four broad categories: provisioning, such as the production of food and water; regulating, such as the control of climate and disease; supporting, such as nutrient cycles and crop pollination; and cultural, such as spiritual and recreational benefits. To help inform decision-makers, many ecosystem services are being assigned economic values." [Ecosystem services. Wikipedia]
The segmented pyramid diagram example "Ecosystem goods and services" was redesigned using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software from Wikimedia Commons file ES_ triangle.png.
[commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:ES_ triangle.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
This segmented pyramid diagram example "Ecosystem goods and services" is included in the Pyramid Diagrams solution from the Marketing area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This pie chart sample shows the 2007 world uranium mining by countries.
It was designed on the base of the Wikimedia Commons file: 2007Uranium.PNG.[commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:2007Uranium.PNG]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Uranium mining is the process of extraction of uranium ore from the ground. The worldwide production of uranium in 2009 amounted to 50,572 tonnes. Kazakhstan, Canada, and Australia are the top three producers and together account for 63% of world uranium production. Other important uranium producing countries in excess of 1,000 tons per year are Namibia, Russia, Niger, Uzbekistan, and the United States.
Uranium ores are normally processed by grinding the ore materials to a uniform particle size and then treating the ore to extract the uranium by chemical leaching. The milling process commonly yields dry powder-form material consisting of natural uranium, "yellowcake," which is sold on the uranium market as U3O8.
A prominent use of uranium from mining is as fuel for nuclear power plants." [Uranium mining. Wikipedia]
The pie chart example "2007 World uranium mining" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Pie Charts solution of the Graphs and Charts area in ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This value stream map example was redesigned from the Wikipedia file: ValueStreamMapParts.png.
[en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ File:ValueStreamMapParts.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Value stream mapping (VSM) refers to the activity of developing a visual representation of the flow of processes, from start to finish, involved in delivering a desired outcome, service, or product (a “value stream”) that is valued by customers. In the context of government, a value stream could be the process of conducting an audit, completing a procurement, or hiring new agency staff. VSM can increase understanding of actual decision-making processes and identify sources of non-value-added time (e.g., documents waiting to be reviewed). The typical products of a 2-5 day VSM workshop are a map of the “current state” of targeted processes and a “future state” map of the desired process flow and an associated implementation plan for future process improvement activities." [en.wikibooks.org/ wiki/ Business_ Analysis_ Guidebook/ LEAN]
The VSM diagram example "Value stream map parts" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Value Stream Mapping solution from the Quality area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This process flow diagram (PFD) of a typical crude oil distillation unit as used in petroleum crude oil refineries was redrawn from Wikipedia file: Crude Oil Distillation Unit.png. [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ File:Crude_ Oil_ Distillation_ Unit.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the midstream side of the petroleum industry." [en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/ Oil_ refinery]
The process flow diagram (PFD) example "Crude oil distillation" was drawn using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This is a schematic process flow diagram of the processes used in a typical oil refinery.
This process flow diagram (PFD) example was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: RefineryFlow.png. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:RefineryFlow.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is processed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas. Oil refineries are typically large, sprawling industrial complexes with extensive piping running throughout, carrying streams of fluids between large chemical processing units. In many ways, oil refineries use much of the technology of, and can be thought of, as types of chemical plants. The crude oil feedstock has typically been processed by an oil production plant. There is usually an oil depot (tank farm) at or near an oil refinery for the storage of incoming crude oil feedstock as well as bulk liquid products.
An oil refinery is considered an essential part of the downstream side of the petroleum industry." [Oil refinery. Wikipedia]
The PFD example "Process flow diagram - Typical oil refinery" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Chemical and Process Engineering solution from the Chemical and Process Engineering area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.

This step diagram example was redesigned from the Wikimedia Commons file: Cloud Testing steps.png. [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Cloud_ Testing_ steps.png]
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ deed.en]
"Cloud testing is a form of software testing in which web applications use cloud computing environments (a "cloud") to simulate real-world user traffic. ...
Cloud Testing uses cloud infrastructure for software testing. Organizations pursuing testing in general and load, performance testing and production service monitoring in particular are challenged by several problems like limited test budget, meeting deadlines, high costs per test, large number of test cases, and little or no reuse of tests and geographical distribution of users add to the challenges. Moreover ensuring high quality service delivery and avoiding outages requires testing in one's datacenter, outside the data-center, or both. Cloud Testing is the solution to all these problems. Effective unlimited storage, quick availability of the infrastructure with scalability, flexibility and availability of distributed testing environment reduce the execution time of testing of large applications and lead to cost-effective solutions." [Cloud testing. Wikipedia]
The step chart example "Cloud testing steps" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Marketing Diagrams solution from the Marketing area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.
www.conceptdraw.com/ solution-park/ marketing-diagrams

This exploded pie chart sample shows the economic sector weightings. It was designed on the base of the Wikimedia Commons file: Badpie.png [commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/ File:Badpie.png].
This image is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License [creativecommons.org/ licenses/ by-sa/ 3.0/ ].
"The classical breakdown of all economic sectors follows:
Primary: Involves the retrieval and production of raw materials, such as corn, coal, wood and iron. (A coal miner and a fisherman would be workers in the primary sector.)
Secondary: Involves the transformation of raw or intermediate materials into goods e.g. manufacturing steel into cars, or textiles into clothing. (A builder and a dressmaker would be workers in the secondary sector.)
Tertiary: Involves the supplying of services to consumers and businesses, such as baby-sitting, cinema and banking. (A shopkeeper and an accountant would be workers in the tertiary sector.)
In the 20th century, it began to be argued that traditional tertiary services could be further distinguished from "quaternary" and quinary service sectors." [Economic sector. Wikipedia]
The exploded pie chart example "Economic sector weightings" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Pie Charts solution of the Graphs and Charts area in ConceptDraw Solution Park.

"Causes in the diagram are often categorized, such as to the 6 M's ...
The 6 Ms (used in manufacturing industry)
- Machine (technology)
- Method (process)
- Material (Includes Raw Material, Consumables and Information.)
- Man Power (physical work)/ Mind Power (brain work): Kaizens, Suggestions
- Measurement (Inspection)
- Milieu/ Mother Nature (Environment)
The original 6Ms used by the Toyota Production System have been expanded by some to include the following and are referred to as the 8Ms. However, this is not globally recognized. It has been suggested to return to the roots of the tools and to keep the teaching simple while recognizing the original intent; most programs do not address the 8Ms.
- Management/ Money Power
- Maintenance" [Ishikawa diagram. Wikipedia]
The 4Ms fishbone diagram (cause and effect diagram, Ishikawa diagram) example "Production process" was created using the ConceptDraw PRO diagramming and vector drawing software extended with the Fishbone Diagrams solution from the Management area of ConceptDraw Solution Park.